Improvement



3 Sheets-Sheet L "T. DOWLING.-

Hot Air Furnace.

Patented Aug. 4, 1863.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.. T BOWLING.

Hot Air Furnace. No. 39,385. Patented Aug. 4, I863.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS DOVVLING, OF-LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT --!N HEATERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 39,385, dated August 4,1863.-

.[-'o. all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, THOMAS DowLING, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and aresident of Lynn, in the county of Essex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented an Improved Portable Hot-Air Furnace; and Ido hereby declare the same to be fully described in the followingspecification and represented in the accompanying drawings, of which-Figure 1 is a vertical section of the said hotair furnace. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section taken through the throat of the fuel-chamber. Fig. 3-is a horizontal section taken through the horizontal smoke-chamber.Fig.4is a horizontal section taken through the upper horizontalair-chamber. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken through the ash-pit.Fig. 6 isa side view of the smoke-pipe, its damper, and air-openings.

In such drawings, A exhibits a fire pot or chamber provided with agrate, K, an ashbox orchamben I, and a fuel-supplying throat, H.Goncentrically about the said fire-chamher, which is cylindrical inform, there are two annular smoke drums or chambers, B and C, which areso arranged with respect to each other and the fire-chamber or pot A asto form concentric air-heating spaces or chambers E and F, one ofwhich-via, Edirectly encircles the tirepot, while the other-via, F- isdisposed between the smoke-drums B G,

V and separates one of them from the other.

The fire-pot A at its upper part opens by one or more pipes, or by aconduit, a, directly into the smoke-space drum B, which, by sundryradial pipes, b, communicates with the 1 lower-part of the smoke-drum G.This latter drum, 0, opens at its upper part by a series of short pipes,c 0, immediately into ahorizontal and circular smoke-chamber D, arrangeddirectly over the fire-pot, there beingfa direct draft passage oropening, 'r,,in the top of the fire-pot and the bottom of the saidchamber. This opening is to be provided with a sliding cover or damper,s, the rodt of which extends entirely through the apparatus, as shown inFig. 1. Over the chamber D there is a horichamber, 0, whose sides areprovided with air-inlets u a. The two air-chambers E and F open at theirlower ends. directly out of the receivingchamber 0. Each chamber E F atits upper part communicates with the airchamber G, the chamber F opensdirectly into such chamber G, while the chamber E has a series ofvertical pipes, v 0), leading from it through the smoke-chamber D andinto the air-chamber G. There is also another series of air-pipes, e 6,arranged vertically within the annular smoke-drum U, and opening out of1 the chamber 0 and into the chamber GP Pipes for leading the heated airto different rooms or apartments are shown at w w as opening out of theupper part of the air-chamber G. Furthermore, there is arectangular orflat air-duct, M, leading over the throat H and into the fire-pot A, andbeing connected with the air-chamberG by means or a pipe, N. The chamberor duct M is opened at its front end, the door L of the fuel-throat Hbeing made so as not only to extend'above the mouth of the conduit M,but with one or more register-openings, w 'w 20, so arranged as toallow' air to pass into the conduit M when the door L is closed.- Aneduction-pipe, 01, leads upward through the chamber G and out of thesmoke chamber D, and should extend up into a chmrey by metnsof aconduitor smokepipe, g. That part of the pipe d which is immediately above theair-chamber g, I usually form square in its horizontal section. Ahorizontal air-pipe, t, is carried through it, and has a verticalair-pipe, 71, leading upward from it and out through one side of thecase d, as shown in Fig. 1. Air on passing through the pipes iand Itwill be warmed by the hot smoke while coursing upwardthrough the pipe d.A swing-damper, k, the upper part of which is bent horizontally andformed with two projections or gates, 12 q, as shown in Fig. 1, isarranged within the pipe or box d, and at its lower end is hinged to theside of such pipe. 4 The horizontal bent part of the damper extendsthrough an opening leading out of the side of the damper, as shown at a0 in Fig. 1. There is also another opening, I, made through the sameside of the'pipe d, and just above the hinge of the damper. By movingthe damper k inward or toward the axis of the pipe we shall not onlydecrease the smokepassage of the pipe, but we shall diminish the passageof air through the inlet 0. The damper, on being caused to depart fromthe side of the pipe (I, aids in forming an airjecting plate p.

heating chamber m, into which air will rush through the opening Z andbedischarged out of the opening a. 'l Vhen the damper is drawn backclosely against the side as of the pipe (1, not only will'the chamber atbe extinguished, but the opening 0 will be closed by the pro By forcingthe damper in- Ward far enough the opening 0 will be closed by the partq. Such a construction and arrangement of the damper and its air-openingo is very useful in regulating the draft of the l'urnace'or fire-placeand as a means of economizing fuel.

i The apparatus above described is to be composed, principally, ofeither sheet or cast iron or other suit-able metal. In its operation thesmoke and heated volatile products arising from the fuel when in thefire-pot A Will tiow into the annular drum B. Descending through thisdrum and heating its sides, the smoke and hot gases will pass out of itand by the pipesb 1) into the annular drum 0.

Uoursing upward through the latter drum, they will impart heat to it andto its series of pipes e e, and will rush through the pipes c c and intothe smoke-chamber D, from which they will escape by the eduction-pipe d.The air received into the chamber 0 will pass upward through theconcentric spaces E and F, and also through the pipes c e, and afterbeing heated; by the caloric radiated from the smoke flues and chamberswill be received into the chamber G, from whence it may be distributedto various apartments by the pipes w 20. The heat radiated from theoutside surface of the external smoke drum, 0, will serve to Warm theapartment Within which the heating" apparatus or hot-air furnace may besituated. A hot-air furnace so constructed has been found to be highlyeffective in its operation and very beneficial and economical in itsresults in respect to fuel and heat.

I do not claimthe combination of a damper, smokepipe, and air-inlet sothat the movement of the damper by whichthe inlet of air may bediminished will cause an increase of opening of the smoke passage, andalso so that a counter movement of the damper shall produce an increaseof the inlet of air into and a diminution of the passage of smokethrough the smoke-pipe; but

1. The combination of the series of pipes e 0, (arranged Within theexternalsmoke-chamher, as specified,.) the fire-chamber A, thesmoke-chambers B G D, the air-chambers Gr 0, and the concentric airchambers or passages E and F, the Whole being substantially as abovedescribed.

2. My improved air and smoke damper and its peculiararrangement withrespect to the pipe d and the air-inlet 0 thereof, the said. damperbeingmade with a flexure and with the two plates or covers 12 q andarranged within both pipe and inlet, as shown in Fig. 1, and ashcreinbefore described.

3. The combination of the air-inlets n lwith the airspace m and thedamper It, made in manner and arranged within the pipe 62 sub stantiallyas specified.

' THOMAS DOWLING.

Viitnesses It. H. EDDY, E1. HALE, Jr.

